SoraOS/boot.asm
2025-11-18 21:45:22 +00:00

222 lines
4.3 KiB
NASM

; File: boot.asm
[org 0x7c00] ; BIOS loads us at 0x7C00
[bits 16] ; We start in 16-bit Real Mode
start:
xor ax, ax
mov ds, ax
mov es, ax
mov ss, ax
mov sp, 0x7c00
mov ah, 0x00
mov al, 0x03
int 0x10
mov si, real_msg
call print_string
cli
lgdt [gdt_descriptor]
mov eax, cr0
or eax, 0x1
mov cr0, eax
; Far jump into 32-bit mode.
jmp 0x08:init_pm
; --- Helper: Print String (BIOS INT 0x10) ---
print_string:
pusha
mov ah, 0x0e ; INT 0x10 "Teletype Output" function
.loop:
lodsb ; Load byte at [SI] into AL, increment SI
cmp al, 0 ; Check for null terminator
je .done
int 0x10 ; Call BIOS video interrupt
jmp .loop
.done:
popa
ret
real_msg: db '[REAL] - Loaded successfully.', 0x0D, 0x0A, 0
; --- GDT (Global Descriptor Table) ---
align 8
gdt_start:
gdt_null:
dq 0x0
gdt_code32: ; 32-bit code segment (selector 0x08)
dw 0xffff ; Limit 0:15
dw 0x0000 ; Base 0:15
db 0x00 ; Base 16:23
db 10011010b ; Access: present, ring 0, code, executable, readable
db 11001111b ; Flags: 4KB granularity, 32-bit | Limit 16:19
db 0x00 ; Base 24:31
gdt_data32: ; 32-bit data segment (selector 0x10)
dw 0xffff
dw 0x0000
db 0x00
db 10010010b ; Access: present, ring 0, data, writable
db 11001111b
db 0x00
gdt_code64: ; 64-bit code segment (selector 0x18)
dw 0xffff
dw 0x0000
db 0x00
db 10011010b ; Access: present, ring 0, code, executable, readable
db 10101111b ; Flags: 4KB granularity, 64-bit, limit 16:19
db 0x00
gdt_data64: ; 64-bit data segment (selector 0x20)
dw 0xffff
dw 0x0000
db 0x00
db 10010010b
db 10101111b
db 0x00
gdt_end:
gdt_descriptor:
dw gdt_end - gdt_start - 1
dd gdt_start
; ==================================================
; 32-BIT PROTECTED MODE
; ==================================================
[bits 32]
init_pm:
; Set up segments
mov ax, 0x10
mov ds, ax
mov es, ax
mov fs, ax
mov gs, ax
mov ss, ax
mov esp, 0x90000
; Print message in Protected Mode
; Print to VGA memory
mov edi, 0xb8000
mov al, 'P'
mov ah, 0x0f
mov [edi], ax
add edi, 2
mov al, 'M'
mov [edi], ax
add edi, 2
mov al, '3'
mov [edi], ax
add edi, 2
mov al, '2'
mov [edi], ax
; Set up page tables for identity mapping first 2MB
; PML4[0] -> PDPT
mov edi, 0x1000
mov dword [edi], 0x2003 ; Present, Writable, points to 0x2000
add edi, 4
mov dword [edi], 0
; PDPT[0] -> PD
mov edi, 0x2000
mov dword [edi], 0x3003 ; Present, Writable, points to 0x3000
add edi, 4
mov dword [edi], 0
; PD[0] -> 2MB page at physical 0x0
mov edi, 0x3000
mov dword [edi], 0x83 ; Present, Writable, Page Size (2MB)
add edi, 4
mov dword [edi], 0
; Load CR3 with PML4 address
mov eax, 0x1000
mov cr3, eax
; Enable PAE (Physical Address Extension)
mov eax, cr4
or eax, 0x20
mov cr4, eax
; Enable Long Mode in EFER MSR
mov ecx, 0xC0000080
rdmsr
or eax, 0x100
wrmsr
; Enable Paging (activates Long Mode)
mov eax, cr0
or eax, 0x80000000
mov cr0, eax
; Far jump to 64-bit code
jmp 0x18:long_mode_start
jmp $
; --- 64-bit Long Mode ---
[bits 64]
long_mode_start:
; Set up segments (most are ignored in 64-bit mode)
mov ax, 0x20
mov ds, ax
mov es, ax
mov fs, ax
mov gs, ax
mov ss, ax
; Set up stack
mov rsp, 0x90000
; Clear screen and print "SORA OS 64"
mov rdi, 0xb8000
mov rcx, 80*25
mov ax, 0x0f20 ; White space
rep stosw
; Print message
mov rdi, 0xb8000
mov rsi, long_msg
call print_string_64
; Hang
jmp $
; --- 64-bit Print String ---
print_string_64:
mov ah, 0x0f ; White on black
.loop:
lodsb
test al, al
jz .done
stosw ; Write character + attribute
jmp .loop
.done:
ret
long_msg: db 'SoraOS 64-BIT', 0
; --- The Magic Boot Sector Footer ---
; Fill the rest of the 512 bytes with zeros
times 510-($-$$) db 0
; The BIOS signature (must be at the very end)
dw 0xAA55
section .bss
align 4096
pml4_table:
resb 4096
pdpt_table:
resb 4096
pd_table:
resb 4096